Electricity generated is from all-natural gas [39]. In accordance with the International Power Agency, electrical energy generated from natural gas results in the emission of 400 g of CO2 per kWh of generated electrical energy [40]. In Oman, each the open-cycle gas turbine (OCGT), which has an efficiency of 30 , plus the combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT), with an efficiency of roughly 45 , are applied. Based on a seven-year statement of energy generation in Oman by the Oman Power and Water Procurement Organization [35], the CCGT generates 8390 MW, along with the OCGT generates 1945 MW. Primarily based on this, the reduction in CO2 emissions is analyzed for the streetlight method under study, which is presented in Table 6.Table 6. Estimation of CO2 emission reduction. Parameter Regarded as CO2 emission per kWh from CCGT Total MW generated OCGT contribution CCGT contribution Annual energy consumption for the HPS lamp Annual power consumption for LED lamp Difference in kWh when HPS lamp is replaced with LED lamp CO2 emissions decreased Value= 400 = 0.30/0.45 400 g =267 g/kWh ten,335 MW 18.eight 81.18 457,596 kWh 91,519.2 kWh366,076.8 kWhOCGT CCGT= 0.188 366, 076.8 400 0.8118 366, 076.8 267 = 106,876,341.four gThe resulting reduction in CO2 emissions per year upon replacing the HPS lamp together with the LED lamp might be 106.876 tonnes, Polmacoxib Technical Information therefore saving millions of dollars and huge amounts of emissions. In the section to stick to, a new streetlight system with PV/battery sources and LED lamps is developed for an region deprived of streetlights using optimized values for the number of PV panels and batteries. The cost estimation for this new streetlight technique is presented based on true information in Oman. 6. Optimization of PV/Battery Technique for the New Street Light Method PV power is one of the most significant, clean [41], abundant, sustainable, and environment-friendly [42] energy sources to meet the challenges in the shortage of fossil fuel and the harm it causes towards the environment. Having said that, the intermittent nature of PV energy causes challenges inside the style and implementation phase, for example provide imbalance, reverse power flow, and voltage/frequency variations [43], thereby decreasing reliability. Battery storage is essential to shop the excess power generated by PV resources to compensate for the intermittency of such resources, thereby enhancing their reliability. The optimization with the quantity of panels and batteries essential is important for the hybrid technique to operate using the highest Olesoxime custom synthesis reliability and fetch financial rewards. Within the literature, many studies regarded as the optimization of hybrid renewable energy systems thinking of a number of aspects of objective functions and constraints. The optimal sizing in the PV/battery program is presented in [44], taking into consideration battery degradation,Energies 2021, 14,14 ofvarious tariffs, and PV panel orientation. The accuracy in the PV model is enhanced by contemplating the effect of ambient temperature on generated solar power. The optimal sizing of a PV/diesel/battery off-grid method is presented in [45] making use of a hybrid optimization strategy in which the geographic details method (GIS) is applied to discover the optimal location taking into consideration techno-economic, environmental, and social factors. A PV/wind/battery system is optimized employing the `loss of load’ probability (LOLP) for reliability in [46]. A PV/battery/fuel cell technique was optimized for a street lighting program applying a genetic algorithm (GA) to decrease the loss of power supply probability (LPSP) and expense of energy (COE).