Xtract/ fraction Methanol Hexane Ethyl acetate Water Doxorubicin Inhibition concentration, IC50 (g/ml) KB one hundred 5.eight 0.1 ten.2 0.three one hundred 0.46 0.02 MCF7 one hundred 22.0 1.3 50.three 0.three one hundred 0.088 0.01 A549 one hundred 16.six 0.2 25.9 1.4 one hundred 1.01 0.02 Ca Ski 100 18.4 .2 35.three 2.0 100 0.31 0.ten HCT 116 one hundred 9.1 two.0 19.9 1.1 one hundred 0.41 0.07 HT-29 100 16.9 0.five 38.four 0.4 one hundred 0.56 0.05 MRC-5 100 17.3 0.five 44.0 three.0 100 0.69 0.Every single worth is expressed as imply standand deviation of triplicate measurements. Data are expressed as IC50 in g/ml that is the concentration of extract demands to inhibit cell growth by 50 ).Phang et al. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013, 13:243 http://www.biomedcentral/1472-6882/13/Page eight ofan IC50 worth of 0.69 0.05 ug/ml which is much greater than the hexane fraction. Within the GCMS evaluation, the hexane fraction showed the presence of a major component, methyl palmitate (13.67 ), and minor components for example methyl oleate (7.10 ), methyl stearate (two.35 ), 1,2-dimethyldecahydronaphthalene (3.05 ), 1,5-dimethyldecahydronaphthalene (2.98 ), three,3,7,11-tetramethyl-tricyclo[6.three.0.0(two,4)] underc8-ene (two.40 ), 5-phenylundecane (0.82 ) 6-phenyldodecane (0.87 ) and 5-phenyldodecane (1.35 ). Sri Nurestri et al.[51] reported that a mixture of methyl palmitate, methyl oleate and methyl stearate showed robust cytotoxic impact against Ca Ski, A549, also because the typical cell line, MRC-5, with IC50 values much less than 20 ug/ml. Methyl palmitate was also reported to exert cytotoxic effect on Tcell leukemia cell line (Molt-4) with an IC50 worth of two.28 ug/ml whilst methyl stearate showed cytotoxicity to acute promyeloblastic leukemia cell line (HL-60) and Molt-4 cell line with IC50 values of three.08 and 4.65 g/ml respectively [52].Anti-Mouse CD3 Antibody In view in the above report, it is hugely probable that the toxicity shown by the hexane fraction perhaps partly on account of the presence of methyl palmitate, methyl oleate and methyl stearate. The cytotoxic impact could be contributed by 1 or a mixture of two or much more of those components. Cytotoxic agents may possibly cause necrosis in cells whereby cells lose membrane integrity top to cell lysis or induce apoptosis cell death by activating an ordered series of biochemical events [53,54]peting interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests.6-Sulfatoxy Melatonin-d4 medchemexpress Authors’ contributions CWP was accountable for conducting the experiments, data evaluation and interpretation, and preparing the manuscript.PMID:23880095 SNAM was accountable for giving the grants, conception of concepts, identification of elements, and revising the manuscript. HI was accountable for delivering grants, conception of concepts, collection and identification of plants, and revising the manuscript. All authors read and authorized the final manuscript. Acknowledgements The author wish to acknowledge the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) as well as the University of Malaya (UM) for financial assistance received by way of the following grants: MOSTI 12-02-03-2070 and PPP PS319/2010A. Received: 10 May perhaps 2013 Accepted: 23 September 2013 Published: 1 October 2013 References 1. Vict io Pc: Therapeutic value on the genus Alpinia, Zingiberaceae. Rev Bras Farmacogn 2011, 21:19401. 2. Matsuda H, Pongpiriyadacha Y, Morikawa T, Och M, Yoshikawa M: Gastroprotective effects of phenylpropanoids in the rhizomes of Alpinia galanga in rats: structural requirements and mode of action. Eur J Pharmacol 2003, 471:597. 3. Burkill IH: A Dictionary of the Financial Products in the Malay Peninsula. London: C.